/**
******************************************************************************
* @file stm3210e_eval_lcd.c
* @author MCD Application Team
* @version V4.5.0
* @date 07-March-2011
* @brief This file includes the LCD driver for AM-240320L8TNQW00H
* (LCD_ILI9320) and AM-240320LDTNQW00H (LCD_SPFD5408B) Liquid Crystal
* Display Module of STM3210E-EVAL board.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* THE PRESENT FIRMWARE WHICH IS FOR GUIDANCE ONLY AIMS AT PROVIDING CUSTOMERS
* WITH CODING INFORMATION REGARDING THEIR PRODUCTS IN ORDER FOR THEM TO SAVE
* TIME. AS A RESULT, STMICROELECTRONICS SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS ARISING
* FROM THE CONTENT OF SUCH FIRMWARE AND/OR THE USE MADE BY CUSTOMERS OF THE
* CODING INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PRODUCTS.
*
*
© COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics
******************************************************************************
*/
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm3210e_eval_lcd.h"
#include "../Common/fonts.c"
/** @addtogroup Utilities
* @{
*/
/** @addtogroup STM32_EVAL
* @{
*/
/** @addtogroup STM3210E_EVAL
* @{
*/
/** @defgroup STM3210E_EVAL_LCD
* @brief This file includes the LCD driver for AM-240320L8TNQW00H
* (LCD_ILI9320) and AM-240320LDTNQW00H (LCD_SPFD5408B) Liquid Crystal
* Display Module of STM3210E-EVAL board.
* @{
*/
/** @defgroup STM3210E_EVAL_LCD_Private_TypesDefinitions
* @{
*/
typedef struct
{
__IO uint16_t LCD_REG;
__IO uint16_t LCD_RAM;
} LCD_TypeDef;
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup STM3210E_EVAL_LCD_Private_Defines
* @{
*/
/* Note: LCD /CS is CE4 - Bank 4 of NOR/SRAM Bank 1~4 */
#define LCD_BASE ((uint32_t)(0x60000000 | 0x0C000000))
#define LCD ((LCD_TypeDef *) LCD_BASE)
#define MAX_POLY_CORNERS 200
#define POLY_Y(Z) ((int32_t)((Points + Z)->X))
#define POLY_X(Z) ((int32_t)((Points + Z)->Y))
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup STM3210E_EVAL_LCD_Private_Macros
* @{
*/
#define ABS(X) ((X) > 0 ? (X) : -(X))
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup STM3210E_EVAL_LCD_Private_Variables
* @{
*/
static sFONT *LCD_Currentfonts;
/* Global variables to set the written text color */
static __IO uint16_t TextColor = 0x0000, BackColor = 0xFFFF;
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup STM3210E_EVAL_LCD_Private_FunctionPrototypes
* @{
*/
#ifndef USE_Delay
static void delay(vu32 nCount);
#endif /* USE_Delay*/
static void PutPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y);
static void LCD_PolyLineRelativeClosed(pPoint Points, uint16_t PointCount, uint16_t Closed);
/**
* @}
*/
/** @defgroup STM3210E_EVAL_LCD_Private_Functions
* @{
*/
/**
* @brief DeInitializes the LCD.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DeInit(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
/*!< LCD Display Off */
LCD_DisplayOff();
/* BANK 4 (of NOR/SRAM Bank 1~4) is disabled */
FSMC_NORSRAMCmd(FSMC_Bank1_NORSRAM4, ENABLE);
/*!< LCD_SPI DeInit */
FSMC_NORSRAMDeInit(FSMC_Bank1_NORSRAM4);
/* Set PD.00(D2), PD.01(D3), PD.04(NOE), PD.05(NWE), PD.08(D13), PD.09(D14),
PD.10(D15), PD.14(D0), PD.15(D1) as input floating */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_4 | GPIO_Pin_5 |
GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10 | GPIO_Pin_14 |
GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Set PE.07(D4), PE.08(D5), PE.09(D6), PE.10(D7), PE.11(D8), PE.12(D9), PE.13(D10),
PE.14(D11), PE.15(D12) as alternate function push pull */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7 | GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10 |
GPIO_Pin_11 | GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14 |
GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Set PF.00(A0 (RS)) as alternate function push pull */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;
GPIO_Init(GPIOF, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Set PG.12(NE4 (LCD/CS)) as alternate function push pull - CE3(LCD /CS) */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12;
GPIO_Init(GPIOG, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}
/**
* @brief Initializes the LCD.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void STM3210E_LCD_Init(void)
{
/* Configure the LCD Control pins --------------------------------------------*/
LCD_CtrlLinesConfig();
/* Configure the FSMC Parallel interface -------------------------------------*/
LCD_FSMCConfig();
_delay_(5); /* delay 50 ms */
/* Check if the LCD is SPFD5408B Controller */
if(LCD_ReadReg(0x00) == 0x5408)
{
/* Start Initial Sequence ------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_1, 0x0100); /* Set SS bit */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_2, 0x0700); /* Set 1 line inversion */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_3, 0x1030); /* Set GRAM write direction and BGR=1. */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_4, 0x0000); /* Resize register */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_8, 0x0202); /* Set the back porch and front porch */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_9, 0x0000); /* Set non-display area refresh cycle ISC[3:0] */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_10, 0x0000); /* FMARK function */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_12, 0x0000); /* RGB 18-bit System interface setting */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_13, 0x0000); /* Frame marker Position */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_15, 0x0000); /* RGB interface polarity, no impact */
/* Power On sequence -----------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_16, 0x0000); /* SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_17, 0x0000); /* DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0] */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_18, 0x0000); /* VREG1OUT voltage */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_19, 0x0000); /* VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude */
_delay_(20); /* Dis-charge capacitor power voltage (200ms) */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_17, 0x0007); /* DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0] */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_16, 0x12B0); /* SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_18, 0x01BD); /* External reference voltage= Vci */
_delay_(5);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_19, 0x1400); /* VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_41, 0x000E); /* VCM[4:0] for VCOMH */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_32, 0x0000); /* GRAM horizontal Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_33, 0x013F); /* GRAM Vertical Address */
/* Adjust the Gamma Curve (SPFD5408B)-------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_48, 0x0b0d);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_49, 0x1923);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_50, 0x1c26);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_51, 0x261c);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_52, 0x2419);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_53, 0x0d0b);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_54, 0x1006);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_55, 0x0610);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_56, 0x0706);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_57, 0x0304);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_58, 0x0e05);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_59, 0x0e01);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_60, 0x010e);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_61, 0x050e);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_62, 0x0403);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_63, 0x0607);
/* Set GRAM area ---------------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_80, 0x0000); /* Horizontal GRAM Start Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_81, 0x00EF); /* Horizontal GRAM End Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_82, 0x0000); /* Vertical GRAM Start Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_83, 0x013F); /* Vertical GRAM End Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_96, 0xA700); /* Gate Scan Line */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_97, 0x0001); /* NDL, VLE, REV */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_106, 0x0000); /* set scrolling line */
/* Partial Display Control -----------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_128, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_129, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_130, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_131, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_132, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_133, 0x0000);
/* Panel Control ---------------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_144, 0x0010);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_146, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_147, 0x0003);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_149, 0x0110);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_151, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_152, 0x0000);
/* Set GRAM write direction and BGR=1
I/D=01 (Horizontal : increment, Vertical : decrement)
AM=1 (address is updated in vertical writing direction) */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_3, 0x1018);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_7, 0x0112); /* 262K color and display ON */
LCD_SetFont(&LCD_DEFAULT_FONT);
return;
}
/* Start Initial Sequence ----------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_229,0x8000); /* Set the internal vcore voltage */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_0, 0x0001); /* Start internal OSC. */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_1, 0x0100); /* set SS and SM bit */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_2, 0x0700); /* set 1 line inversion */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_3, 0x1030); /* set GRAM write direction and BGR=1. */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_4, 0x0000); /* Resize register */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_8, 0x0202); /* set the back porch and front porch */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_9, 0x0000); /* set non-display area refresh cycle ISC[3:0] */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_10, 0x0000); /* FMARK function */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_12, 0x0000); /* RGB interface setting */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_13, 0x0000); /* Frame marker Position */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_15, 0x0000); /* RGB interface polarity */
/* Power On sequence ---------------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_16, 0x0000); /* SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_17, 0x0000); /* DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0] */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_18, 0x0000); /* VREG1OUT voltage */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_19, 0x0000); /* VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude */
_delay_(20); /* Dis-charge capacitor power voltage (200ms) */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_16, 0x17B0); /* SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_17, 0x0137); /* DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0] */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_18, 0x0139); /* VREG1OUT voltage */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_19, 0x1d00); /* VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_41, 0x0013); /* VCM[4:0] for VCOMH */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_32, 0x0000); /* GRAM horizontal Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_33, 0x0000); /* GRAM Vertical Address */
/* Adjust the Gamma Curve ----------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_48, 0x0006);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_49, 0x0101);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_50, 0x0003);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_53, 0x0106);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_54, 0x0b02);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_55, 0x0302);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_56, 0x0707);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_57, 0x0007);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_60, 0x0600);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_61, 0x020b);
/* Set GRAM area -------------------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_80, 0x0000); /* Horizontal GRAM Start Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_81, 0x00EF); /* Horizontal GRAM End Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_82, 0x0000); /* Vertical GRAM Start Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_83, 0x013F); /* Vertical GRAM End Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_96, 0x2700); /* Gate Scan Line */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_97, 0x0001); /* NDL,VLE, REV */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_106, 0x0000); /* set scrolling line */
/* Partial Display Control ---------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_128, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_129, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_130, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_131, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_132, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_133, 0x0000);
/* Panel Control -------------------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_144, 0x0010);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_146, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_147, 0x0003);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_149, 0x0110);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_151, 0x0000);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_152, 0x0000);
/* Set GRAM write direction and BGR = 1 */
/* I/D=01 (Horizontal : increment, Vertical : decrement) */
/* AM=1 (address is updated in vertical writing direction) */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_3, 0x1018);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_7, 0x0173); /* 262K color and display ON */
LCD_SetFont(&LCD_DEFAULT_FONT);
}
/**
* @brief Sets the LCD Text and Background colors.
* @param _TextColor: specifies the Text Color.
* @param _BackColor: specifies the Background Color.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_SetColors(__IO uint16_t _TextColor, __IO uint16_t _BackColor)
{
TextColor = _TextColor;
BackColor = _BackColor;
}
/**
* @brief Gets the LCD Text and Background colors.
* @param _TextColor: pointer to the variable that will contain the Text
Color.
* @param _BackColor: pointer to the variable that will contain the Background
Color.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_GetColors(__IO uint16_t *_TextColor, __IO uint16_t *_BackColor)
{
*_TextColor = TextColor; *_BackColor = BackColor;
}
/**
* @brief Sets the Text color.
* @param Color: specifies the Text color code RGB(5-6-5).
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_SetTextColor(__IO uint16_t Color)
{
TextColor = Color;
}
/**
* @brief Sets the Background color.
* @param Color: specifies the Background color code RGB(5-6-5).
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_SetBackColor(__IO uint16_t Color)
{
BackColor = Color;
}
/**
* @brief Sets the Text Font.
* @param fonts: specifies the font to be used.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_SetFont(sFONT *fonts)
{
LCD_Currentfonts = fonts;
}
/**
* @brief Gets the Text Font.
* @param None.
* @retval the used font.
*/
sFONT *LCD_GetFont(void)
{
return LCD_Currentfonts;
}
/**
* @brief Clears the selected line.
* @param Line: the Line to be cleared.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg Linex: where x can be 0..n
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_ClearLine(uint8_t Line)
{
uint16_t refcolumn = LCD_PIXEL_WIDTH - 1;
/* Send the string character by character on lCD */
while (((refcolumn + 1)&0xFFFF) >= LCD_Currentfonts->Width)
{
/* Display one character on LCD */
LCD_DisplayChar(Line, refcolumn, ' ');
/* Decrement the column position by 16 */
refcolumn -= LCD_Currentfonts->Width;
}
}
/**
* @brief Clears the hole LCD.
* @param Color: the color of the background.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_Clear(uint16_t Color)
{
uint32_t index = 0;
LCD_SetCursor(0x00, 0x013F);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
for(index = 0; index < 76800; index++)
{
LCD->LCD_RAM = Color;
}
}
/**
* @brief Sets the cursor position.
* @param Xpos: specifies the X position.
* @param Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_SetCursor(uint8_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos)
{
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_32, Xpos);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_33, Ypos);
}
/**
* @brief Draws a character on LCD.
* @param Xpos: the Line where to display the character shape.
* @param Ypos: start column address.
* @param c: pointer to the character data.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawChar(uint8_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, const uint16_t *c)
{
uint32_t index = 0, i = 0;
uint8_t Xaddress = 0;
Xaddress = Xpos;
LCD_SetCursor(Xaddress, Ypos);
for(index = 0; index < LCD_Currentfonts->Height; index++)
{
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
for(i = 0; i < LCD_Currentfonts->Width; i++)
{
if((((c[index] & ((0x80 << ((LCD_Currentfonts->Width / 12 ) * 8 ) ) >> i)) == 0x00) &&(LCD_Currentfonts->Width <= 12))||
(((c[index] & (0x1 << i)) == 0x00)&&(LCD_Currentfonts->Width > 12 )))
{
LCD_WriteRAM(BackColor);
}
else
{
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
}
}
Xaddress++;
LCD_SetCursor(Xaddress, Ypos);
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays one character (16dots width, 24dots height).
* @param Line: the Line where to display the character shape .
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg Linex: where x can be 0..9
* @param Column: start column address.
* @param Ascii: character ascii code, must be between 0x20 and 0x7E.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DisplayChar(uint8_t Line, uint16_t Column, uint8_t Ascii)
{
Ascii -= 32;
LCD_DrawChar(Line, Column, &LCD_Currentfonts->table[Ascii * LCD_Currentfonts->Height]);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a maximum of 20 char on the LCD.
* @param Line: the Line where to display the character shape .
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg Linex: where x can be 0..9
* @param *ptr: pointer to string to display on LCD.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DisplayStringLine(uint8_t Line, uint8_t *ptr)
{
uint16_t refcolumn = LCD_PIXEL_WIDTH - 1;
/* Send the string character by character on lCD */
while ((*ptr != 0) & (((refcolumn + 1) & 0xFFFF) >= LCD_Currentfonts->Width))
{
/* Display one character on LCD */
LCD_DisplayChar(Line, refcolumn, *ptr);
/* Decrement the column position by 16 */
refcolumn -= LCD_Currentfonts->Width;
/* Point on the next character */
ptr++;
}
}
/**
* @brief Sets a display window
* @param Xpos: specifies the X buttom left position.
* @param Ypos: specifies the Y buttom left position.
* @param Height: display window height.
* @param Width: display window width.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_SetDisplayWindow(uint8_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint8_t Height, uint16_t Width)
{
/* Horizontal GRAM Start Address */
if(Xpos >= Height)
{
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_80, (Xpos - Height + 1));
}
else
{
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_80, 0);
}
/* Horizontal GRAM End Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_81, Xpos);
/* Vertical GRAM Start Address */
if(Ypos >= Width)
{
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_82, (Ypos - Width + 1));
}
else
{
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_82, 0);
}
/* Vertical GRAM End Address */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_83, Ypos);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);
}
/**
* @brief Disables LCD Window mode.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_WindowModeDisable(void)
{
LCD_SetDisplayWindow(239, 0x13F, 240, 320);
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_3, 0x1018);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a line.
* @param Xpos: specifies the X position.
* @param Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* @param Length: line length.
* @param Direction: line direction.
* This parameter can be one of the following values: Vertical or Horizontal.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawLine(uint8_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t Length, uint8_t Direction)
{
uint32_t i = 0;
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);
if(Direction == LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL)
{
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
for(i = 0; i < Length; i++)
{
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
}
}
else
{
for(i = 0; i < Length; i++)
{
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
Xpos++;
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos, Ypos);
}
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays a rectangle.
* @param Xpos: specifies the X position.
* @param Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* @param Height: display rectangle height.
* @param Width: display rectangle width.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawRect(uint8_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint8_t Height, uint16_t Width)
{
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, Ypos, Width, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
LCD_DrawLine((Xpos + Height), Ypos, Width, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, Ypos, Height, LCD_DIR_VERTICAL);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, (Ypos - Width + 1), Height, LCD_DIR_VERTICAL);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a circle.
* @param Xpos: specifies the X position.
* @param Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* @param Radius
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawCircle(uint8_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t Radius)
{
int32_t D;/* Decision Variable */
uint32_t CurX;/* Current X Value */
uint32_t CurY;/* Current Y Value */
D = 3 - (Radius << 1);
CurX = 0;
CurY = Radius;
while (CurX <= CurY)
{
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurX, Ypos + CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurX, Ypos - CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos - CurX, Ypos + CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos - CurX, Ypos - CurY);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurY, Ypos + CurX);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos + CurY, Ypos - CurX);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos - CurY, Ypos + CurX);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
LCD_SetCursor(Xpos - CurY, Ypos - CurX);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
if (D < 0)
{
D += (CurX << 2) + 6;
}
else
{
D += ((CurX - CurY) << 2) + 10;
CurY--;
}
CurX++;
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays a monocolor picture.
* @param Pict: pointer to the picture array.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawMonoPict(const uint32_t *Pict)
{
uint32_t index = 0, i = 0;
LCD_SetCursor(0, (LCD_PIXEL_WIDTH - 1));
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(); /* Prepare to write GRAM */
for(index = 0; index < 2400; index++)
{
for(i = 0; i < 32; i++)
{
if((Pict[index] & (1 << i)) == 0x00)
{
LCD_WriteRAM(BackColor);
}
else
{
LCD_WriteRAM(TextColor);
}
}
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays a bitmap picture loaded in the internal Flash.
* @param BmpAddress: Bmp picture address in the internal Flash.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_WriteBMP(uint32_t BmpAddress)
{
uint32_t index = 0, size = 0;
/* Read bitmap size */
size = *(__IO uint16_t *) (BmpAddress + 2);
size |= (*(__IO uint16_t *) (BmpAddress + 4)) << 16;
/* Get bitmap data address offset */
index = *(__IO uint16_t *) (BmpAddress + 10);
index |= (*(__IO uint16_t *) (BmpAddress + 12)) << 16;
size = (size - index)/2;
BmpAddress += index;
/* Set GRAM write direction and BGR = 1 */
/* I/D=00 (Horizontal : decrement, Vertical : decrement) */
/* AM=1 (address is updated in vertical writing direction) */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_3, 0x1008);
LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare();
for(index = 0; index < size; index++)
{
LCD_WriteRAM(*(__IO uint16_t *)BmpAddress);
BmpAddress += 2;
}
/* Set GRAM write direction and BGR = 1 */
/* I/D = 01 (Horizontal : increment, Vertical : decrement) */
/* AM = 1 (address is updated in vertical writing direction) */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_3, 0x1018);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a full rectangle.
* @param Xpos: specifies the X position.
* @param Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* @param Height: rectangle height.
* @param Width: rectangle width.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawFullRect(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t Width, uint16_t Height)
{
LCD_SetTextColor(TextColor);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, Ypos, Width, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
LCD_DrawLine((Xpos + Height), Ypos, Width, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, Ypos, Height, LCD_DIR_VERTICAL);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos, (Ypos - Width + 1), Height, LCD_DIR_VERTICAL);
Width -= 2;
Height--;
Ypos--;
LCD_SetTextColor(BackColor);
while(Height--)
{
LCD_DrawLine(++Xpos, Ypos, Width, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
}
LCD_SetTextColor(TextColor);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a full circle.
* @param Xpos: specifies the X position.
* @param Ypos: specifies the Y position.
* @param Radius
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawFullCircle(uint16_t Xpos, uint16_t Ypos, uint16_t Radius)
{
int32_t D; /* Decision Variable */
uint32_t CurX;/* Current X Value */
uint32_t CurY;/* Current Y Value */
D = 3 - (Radius << 1);
CurX = 0;
CurY = Radius;
LCD_SetTextColor(BackColor);
while (CurX <= CurY)
{
if(CurY > 0)
{
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos - CurX, Ypos + CurY, 2*CurY, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos + CurX, Ypos + CurY, 2*CurY, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
}
if(CurX > 0)
{
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos - CurY, Ypos + CurX, 2*CurX, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
LCD_DrawLine(Xpos + CurY, Ypos + CurX, 2*CurX, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
}
if (D < 0)
{
D += (CurX << 2) + 6;
}
else
{
D += ((CurX - CurY) << 2) + 10;
CurY--;
}
CurX++;
}
LCD_SetTextColor(TextColor);
LCD_DrawCircle(Xpos, Ypos, Radius);
}
/**
* @brief Displays an uni line (between two points).
* @param x1: specifies the point 1 x position.
* @param y1: specifies the point 1 y position.
* @param x2: specifies the point 2 x position.
* @param y2: specifies the point 2 y position.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DrawUniLine(uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1, uint16_t x2, uint16_t y2)
{
int16_t deltax = 0, deltay = 0, x = 0, y = 0, xinc1 = 0, xinc2 = 0,
yinc1 = 0, yinc2 = 0, den = 0, num = 0, numadd = 0, numpixels = 0,
curpixel = 0;
deltax = ABS(x2 - x1); /* The difference between the x's */
deltay = ABS(y2 - y1); /* The difference between the y's */
x = x1; /* Start x off at the first pixel */
y = y1; /* Start y off at the first pixel */
if (x2 >= x1) /* The x-values are increasing */
{
xinc1 = 1;
xinc2 = 1;
}
else /* The x-values are decreasing */
{
xinc1 = -1;
xinc2 = -1;
}
if (y2 >= y1) /* The y-values are increasing */
{
yinc1 = 1;
yinc2 = 1;
}
else /* The y-values are decreasing */
{
yinc1 = -1;
yinc2 = -1;
}
if (deltax >= deltay) /* There is at least one x-value for every y-value */
{
xinc1 = 0; /* Don't change the x when numerator >= denominator */
yinc2 = 0; /* Don't change the y for every iteration */
den = deltax;
num = deltax / 2;
numadd = deltay;
numpixels = deltax; /* There are more x-values than y-values */
}
else /* There is at least one y-value for every x-value */
{
xinc2 = 0; /* Don't change the x for every iteration */
yinc1 = 0; /* Don't change the y when numerator >= denominator */
den = deltay;
num = deltay / 2;
numadd = deltax;
numpixels = deltay; /* There are more y-values than x-values */
}
for (curpixel = 0; curpixel <= numpixels; curpixel++)
{
PutPixel(x, y); /* Draw the current pixel */
num += numadd; /* Increase the numerator by the top of the fraction */
if (num >= den) /* Check if numerator >= denominator */
{
num -= den; /* Calculate the new numerator value */
x += xinc1; /* Change the x as appropriate */
y += yinc1; /* Change the y as appropriate */
}
x += xinc2; /* Change the x as appropriate */
y += yinc2; /* Change the y as appropriate */
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays an polyline (between many points).
* @param Points: pointer to the points array.
* @param PointCount: Number of points.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_PolyLine(pPoint Points, uint16_t PointCount)
{
int16_t X = 0, Y = 0;
if(PointCount < 2)
{
return;
}
while(--PointCount)
{
X = Points->X;
Y = Points->Y;
Points++;
LCD_DrawUniLine(X, Y, Points->X, Points->Y);
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays an relative polyline (between many points).
* @param Points: pointer to the points array.
* @param PointCount: Number of points.
* @param Closed: specifies if the draw is closed or not.
* 1: closed, 0 : not closed.
* @retval None
*/
static void LCD_PolyLineRelativeClosed(pPoint Points, uint16_t PointCount, uint16_t Closed)
{
int16_t X = 0, Y = 0;
pPoint First = Points;
if(PointCount < 2)
{
return;
}
X = Points->X;
Y = Points->Y;
while(--PointCount)
{
Points++;
LCD_DrawUniLine(X, Y, X + Points->X, Y + Points->Y);
X = X + Points->X;
Y = Y + Points->Y;
}
if(Closed)
{
LCD_DrawUniLine(First->X, First->Y, X, Y);
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays a closed polyline (between many points).
* @param Points: pointer to the points array.
* @param PointCount: Number of points.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_ClosedPolyLine(pPoint Points, uint16_t PointCount)
{
LCD_PolyLine(Points, PointCount);
LCD_DrawUniLine(Points->X, Points->Y, (Points+PointCount-1)->X, (Points+PointCount-1)->Y);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a relative polyline (between many points).
* @param Points: pointer to the points array.
* @param PointCount: Number of points.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_PolyLineRelative(pPoint Points, uint16_t PointCount)
{
LCD_PolyLineRelativeClosed(Points, PointCount, 0);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a closed relative polyline (between many points).
* @param Points: pointer to the points array.
* @param PointCount: Number of points.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_ClosedPolyLineRelative(pPoint Points, uint16_t PointCount)
{
LCD_PolyLineRelativeClosed(Points, PointCount, 1);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a full polyline (between many points).
* @param Points: pointer to the points array.
* @param PointCount: Number of points.
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_FillPolyLine(pPoint Points, uint16_t PointCount)
{
/* public-domain code by Darel Rex Finley, 2007 */
uint16_t nodes = 0, nodeX[MAX_POLY_CORNERS], pixelX = 0, pixelY = 0, i = 0,
j = 0, swap = 0;
uint16_t IMAGE_LEFT = 0, IMAGE_RIGHT = 0, IMAGE_TOP = 0, IMAGE_BOTTOM = 0;
IMAGE_LEFT = IMAGE_RIGHT = Points->X;
IMAGE_TOP= IMAGE_BOTTOM = Points->Y;
for(i = 1; i < PointCount; i++)
{
pixelX = POLY_X(i);
if(pixelX < IMAGE_LEFT)
{
IMAGE_LEFT = pixelX;
}
if(pixelX > IMAGE_RIGHT)
{
IMAGE_RIGHT = pixelX;
}
pixelY = POLY_Y(i);
if(pixelY < IMAGE_TOP)
{
IMAGE_TOP = pixelY;
}
if(pixelY > IMAGE_BOTTOM)
{
IMAGE_BOTTOM = pixelY;
}
}
LCD_SetTextColor(BackColor);
/* Loop through the rows of the image. */
for (pixelY = IMAGE_TOP; pixelY < IMAGE_BOTTOM; pixelY++)
{
/* Build a list of nodes. */
nodes = 0; j = PointCount-1;
for (i = 0; i < PointCount; i++)
{
if (POLY_Y(i)<(double) pixelY && POLY_Y(j)>=(double) pixelY || POLY_Y(j)<(double) pixelY && POLY_Y(i)>=(double) pixelY)
{
nodeX[nodes++]=(int) (POLY_X(i)+((pixelY-POLY_Y(i))*(POLY_X(j)-POLY_X(i)))/(POLY_Y(j)-POLY_Y(i)));
}
j = i;
}
/* Sort the nodes, via a simple "Bubble" sort. */
i = 0;
while (i < nodes-1)
{
if (nodeX[i]>nodeX[i+1])
{
swap = nodeX[i];
nodeX[i] = nodeX[i+1];
nodeX[i+1] = swap;
if(i)
{
i--;
}
}
else
{
i++;
}
}
/* Fill the pixels between node pairs. */
for (i = 0; i < nodes; i+=2)
{
if(nodeX[i] >= IMAGE_RIGHT)
{
break;
}
if(nodeX[i+1] > IMAGE_LEFT)
{
if (nodeX[i] < IMAGE_LEFT)
{
nodeX[i]=IMAGE_LEFT;
}
if(nodeX[i+1] > IMAGE_RIGHT)
{
nodeX[i+1] = IMAGE_RIGHT;
}
LCD_SetTextColor(BackColor);
LCD_DrawLine(pixelY, nodeX[i+1], nodeX[i+1] - nodeX[i], LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
LCD_SetTextColor(TextColor);
PutPixel(pixelY, nodeX[i+1]);
PutPixel(pixelY, nodeX[i]);
/* for (j=nodeX[i]; jLCD_REG = LCD_Reg;
/* Write 16-bit Reg */
LCD->LCD_RAM = LCD_RegValue;
}
/**
* @brief Reads the selected LCD Register.
* @param LCD_Reg: address of the selected register.
* @retval LCD Register Value.
*/
uint16_t LCD_ReadReg(uint8_t LCD_Reg)
{
/* Write 16-bit Index (then Read Reg) */
LCD->LCD_REG = LCD_Reg;
/* Read 16-bit Reg */
return (LCD->LCD_RAM);
}
/**
* @brief Prepare to write to the LCD RAM.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(void)
{
LCD->LCD_REG = LCD_REG_34;
}
/**
* @brief Writes to the LCD RAM.
* @param RGB_Code: the pixel color in RGB mode (5-6-5).
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_WriteRAM(uint16_t RGB_Code)
{
/* Write 16-bit GRAM Reg */
LCD->LCD_RAM = RGB_Code;
}
/**
* @brief Reads the LCD RAM.
* @param None
* @retval LCD RAM Value.
*/
uint16_t LCD_ReadRAM(void)
{
/* Write 16-bit Index (then Read Reg) */
LCD->LCD_REG = LCD_REG_34; /* Select GRAM Reg */
/* Read 16-bit Reg */
return LCD->LCD_RAM;
}
/**
* @brief Power on the LCD.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_PowerOn(void)
{
/* Power On sequence ---------------------------------------------------------*/
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_16, 0x0000); /* SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_17, 0x0000); /* DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0] */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_18, 0x0000); /* VREG1OUT voltage */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_19, 0x0000); /* VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude*/
_delay_(20); /* Dis-charge capacitor power voltage (200ms) */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_16, 0x17B0); /* SAP, BT[3:0], AP, DSTB, SLP, STB */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_17, 0x0137); /* DC1[2:0], DC0[2:0], VC[2:0] */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_18, 0x0139); /* VREG1OUT voltage */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_19, 0x1d00); /* VDV[4:0] for VCOM amplitude */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_41, 0x0013); /* VCM[4:0] for VCOMH */
_delay_(5); /* Delay 50 ms */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_7, 0x0173); /* 262K color and display ON */
}
/**
* @brief Enables the Display.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DisplayOn(void)
{
/* Display On */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_7, 0x0173); /* 262K color and display ON */
}
/**
* @brief Disables the Display.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_DisplayOff(void)
{
/* Display Off */
LCD_WriteReg(LCD_REG_7, 0x0);
}
/**
* @brief Configures LCD Control lines (FSMC Pins) in alternate function mode.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_CtrlLinesConfig(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
/* Enable FSMC, GPIOD, GPIOE, GPIOF, GPIOG and AFIO clocks */
RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_FSMC, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE |
RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOF | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOG |
RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
/* Set PD.00(D2), PD.01(D3), PD.04(NOE), PD.05(NWE), PD.08(D13), PD.09(D14),
PD.10(D15), PD.14(D0), PD.15(D1) as alternate function push pull */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_4 | GPIO_Pin_5 |
GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10 | GPIO_Pin_14 |
GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Set PE.07(D4), PE.08(D5), PE.09(D6), PE.10(D7), PE.11(D8), PE.12(D9), PE.13(D10),
PE.14(D11), PE.15(D12) as alternate function push pull */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7 | GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10 |
GPIO_Pin_11 | GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14 |
GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Set PF.00(A0 (RS)) as alternate function push pull */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;
GPIO_Init(GPIOF, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Set PG.12(NE4 (LCD/CS)) as alternate function push pull - CE3(LCD /CS) */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12;
GPIO_Init(GPIOG, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}
/**
* @brief Configures the Parallel interface (FSMC) for LCD(Parallel mode)
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
void LCD_FSMCConfig(void)
{
FSMC_NORSRAMInitTypeDef FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure;
FSMC_NORSRAMTimingInitTypeDef p;
/*-- FSMC Configuration ------------------------------------------------------*/
/*----------------------- SRAM Bank 4 ----------------------------------------*/
/* FSMC_Bank1_NORSRAM4 configuration */
p.FSMC_AddressSetupTime = 1;
p.FSMC_AddressHoldTime = 0;
p.FSMC_DataSetupTime = 2;
p.FSMC_BusTurnAroundDuration = 0;
p.FSMC_CLKDivision = 0;
p.FSMC_DataLatency = 0;
p.FSMC_AccessMode = FSMC_AccessMode_A;
/* Color LCD configuration ------------------------------------
LCD configured as follow:
- Data/Address MUX = Disable
- Memory Type = SRAM
- Data Width = 16bit
- Write Operation = Enable
- Extended Mode = Enable
- Asynchronous Wait = Disable */
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_Bank = FSMC_Bank1_NORSRAM4;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_DataAddressMux = FSMC_DataAddressMux_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_MemoryType = FSMC_MemoryType_SRAM;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_MemoryDataWidth = FSMC_MemoryDataWidth_16b;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_BurstAccessMode = FSMC_BurstAccessMode_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_AsynchronousWait = FSMC_AsynchronousWait_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WaitSignalPolarity = FSMC_WaitSignalPolarity_Low;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WrapMode = FSMC_WrapMode_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WaitSignalActive = FSMC_WaitSignalActive_BeforeWaitState;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WriteOperation = FSMC_WriteOperation_Enable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WaitSignal = FSMC_WaitSignal_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_ExtendedMode = FSMC_ExtendedMode_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WriteBurst = FSMC_WriteBurst_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_ReadWriteTimingStruct = &p;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WriteTimingStruct = &p;
FSMC_NORSRAMInit(&FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure);
/* BANK 4 (of NOR/SRAM Bank 1~4) is enabled */
FSMC_NORSRAMCmd(FSMC_Bank1_NORSRAM4, ENABLE);
}
/**
* @brief Displays a pixel.
* @param x: pixel x.
* @param y: pixel y.
* @retval None
*/
static void PutPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y)
{
if(x < 0 || x > 239 || y < 0 || y > 319)
{
return;
}
LCD_DrawLine(x, y, 1, LCD_DIR_HORIZONTAL);
}
#ifndef USE_Delay
/**
* @brief Inserts a delay time.
* @param nCount: specifies the delay time length.
* @retval None
*/
static void delay(vu32 nCount)
{
vu32 index = 0;
for(index = (100000 * nCount); index != 0; index--)
{
}
}
#endif /* USE_Delay*/
/**
* @}
*/
/**
* @}
*/
/**
* @}
*/
/**
* @}
*/
/**
* @}
*/
/******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/