From ff7ff9a9a939d377bb9bf150e83099eab0f1e588 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Trygve Laugstøl <trygvis@inamo.no>
Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2018 08:57:35 +0200
Subject: wip

---
 slides/what-is-iot-slides.tex | 1424 -----------------------------------------
 1 file changed, 1424 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 slides/what-is-iot-slides.tex

(limited to 'slides/what-is-iot-slides.tex')

diff --git a/slides/what-is-iot-slides.tex b/slides/what-is-iot-slides.tex
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b65fc0..0000000
--- a/slides/what-is-iot-slides.tex
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1424 +0,0 @@
-\hypertarget{nodemcu}{%
-\section{NodeMCU}\label{nodemcu}}
-
-\begin{frame}{NodeMCU hardware}
-\protect\hypertarget{nodemcu-hardware}{}
-
-\includegraphics{images/NodeMCU-–-Board-de-desarrollo-con-módulo-ESP8266-WiFi-y-Lua-4.jpg}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{NodeMCU hardware}
-\protect\hypertarget{nodemcu-hardware-1}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tikzpicture}
-
-\path
-    (0, 0) node(flash)[draw, rectangle,
-    minimum height=1cm, minimum width=2cm] {Flash}
-
-    (0, 1.5) node(esp8266)[draw, rectangle,
-    minimum height=1cm, minimum width=2cm] {ESP8266}
-
-    (3.5, 1.5) node(cp201x)[draw, rectangle,
-    minimum height=0.75cm, minimum width=1cm]
-    {CP201x}
-
-    (5.5, 1.5) node(usb)[]
-    {USB}
-;
-
-\draw[-] (esp8266) -- node[node font=\footnotesize, right]{QSPI} (flash);
-\draw[-] (esp8266) -- node[node font=\footnotesize, above]{UART} (cp201x) -- (usb);
-
-\node[rectangle, draw, fit=(esp8266) (flash), inner sep=2 mm,
-    label={[name=esp12_label,anchor=south]ESP-12}]
-    (esp12){};
-
-\node[rectangle, draw, thick, fit=(esp12_label) (esp12) (cp201x), inner sep=3 mm,
-    label={[anchor=north]south:NodeMCU}]
-    (nodemcu){};
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{ESP8266 software layers}
-\protect\hypertarget{esp8266-software-layers}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tikzpicture}
-
-\node (rect_hw) [rectangle, draw, anchor=south west,
-    minimum width=6 cm, minimum height=1 cm,
-    label={[anchor=south]center:ESP8266 Hardware}] at (0, 0) {};
-
-\draw[thick] (-0.5, 1.25) -- (6.5, 1.25) ;
-
-\node  [rectangle, draw, anchor=south west,
-    minimum width=4 cm, minimum height=1 cm,
-    label={[anchor=south]center:ESP SDK}] at (0, 1.5) {};
-
-\node [rectangle, draw, anchor=south west,
-    minimum width=2 cm, minimum height=1 cm,
-    label={[align=center, text width=1cm]center:GCC  libc}] at (4, 1.5) {};
-
-\node [rectangle, draw, anchor=south west,
-    minimum width=6 cm, minimum height=1 cm,
-    label={[anchor=south]center:ESP interface}] at (0, 2.5) {};
-
-\node [rectangle, draw, anchor=south west,
-    minimum width=2 cm, minimum height=1 cm,
-    label={[align=center, text width= 2cm]center:Generic Arduino}] at (0, 3.5) {};
-
-\node [rectangle, draw, anchor=south west,
-    minimum width=2 cm, minimum height=1 cm,
-    label={[align=center, text width= 2cm]center:Ethernet}] at (2, 3.5) {};
-
-\node [rectangle, draw, anchor=south west,
-    minimum width=2 cm, minimum height=1 cm,
-    label={[align=center, text width= 2cm]center:ESP APIs}] at (4, 3.5) {};
-
-\draw [decorate, decoration={brace,amplitude=5pt, raise=-4pt}] (-0.5,2.5) -- (-0.5,4.5) node [black,midway,rotate=90, above] {Arduino};
-
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{ESP8266 + Arduino}
-\protect\hypertarget{esp8266-arduino}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Standard Arduino IDE
-\item
-  ESP8266 Arduino core
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    https://github.com/esp8266/Arduino
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Arduino IDE}
-\protect\hypertarget{arduino-ide}{}
-
-\includegraphics{images/arduino-ide.png}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{Arduino code structure}
-\protect\hypertarget{arduino-code-structure}{}
-
-\begin{Shaded}
-\begin{Highlighting}[]
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ setup() \{}
-    \CommentTok{// Called once}
-\NormalTok{\}}
-
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ loop() \{}
-    \CommentTok{// Called repeatedly}
-\NormalTok{\}}
-\end{Highlighting}
-\end{Shaded}
-
-\note{MCU programming is often structured into:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Configure
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    CPU
-  \item
-    GPIO ports
-  \item
-    MCU’s peripherals
-  \item
-    The rest of the board
-  \item
-    Configure application and callbacks.
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Sleep
-\end{itemize}
-
-Arduino chooses to run the cpu at 100\% instead of the sleep step..}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{Arduino file structure}
-\protect\hypertarget{arduino-file-structure}{}
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-foo/
-  foo.ino
-  config.h
-\end{verbatim}
-
-\note{\texttt{foo.ino} must always be in a \texttt{foo} directory.
-
-config.h is created by “new tab”.}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{Generic Arduino APIs}
-\protect\hypertarget{generic-arduino-apis}{}
-
-\begin{Shaded}
-\begin{Highlighting}[]
-\CommentTok{// Pin: D0, D1, etc.}
-\CommentTok{// Mode: OUTPUT, INPUT, INPUT_PULLUP}
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ pinMode(}\DataTypeTok{uint8_t}\NormalTok{ pin, }\DataTypeTok{uint8_t}\NormalTok{ mode);}
-
-\CommentTok{// State: HIGH, LOW, true/false, 1/0}
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ digitalWrite(}\DataTypeTok{uint8_t}\NormalTok{ pin, }\DataTypeTok{uint8_t}\NormalTok{ state);}
-\DataTypeTok{int}\NormalTok{ digitalRead(}\DataTypeTok{uint8_t}\NormalTok{ pin);}
-
-\DataTypeTok{unsigned} \DataTypeTok{long}\NormalTok{ now millis();}
-\DataTypeTok{unsigned} \DataTypeTok{long}\NormalTok{ now micros();}
-\end{Highlighting}
-\end{Shaded}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{ESP Arduino APIs}
-\protect\hypertarget{esp-arduino-apis}{}
-
-\begin{Shaded}
-\begin{Highlighting}[]
-\KeywordTok{class}\NormalTok{ \{}
-    \DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ restart();}
-    \DataTypeTok{uint32_t}\NormalTok{ getFreeHeap();}
-    \DataTypeTok{uint32_t}\NormalTok{ getChipId();}
-
-\NormalTok{    ...}
-\NormalTok{\} ESP;}
-
-\CommentTok{// Usage}
-\NormalTok{ESP.restart();}
-\end{Highlighting}
-\end{Shaded}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{ESP Arduino APIs}
-\protect\hypertarget{esp-arduino-apis-1}{}
-
-\begin{Shaded}
-\begin{Highlighting}[]
-\KeywordTok{class}\NormalTok{ \{}
-\NormalTok{    String macAddress();}
-
-    \DataTypeTok{wl_status_t}\NormalTok{ status();}
-    \DataTypeTok{int32_t}\NormalTok{ RSSI();}
-
-\NormalTok{    IPAddress localIP();}
-\NormalTok{    IPAddress subnetMask();}
-\NormalTok{    IPAddress gatewayIP();}
-\NormalTok{    IPAddress dnsIP(}\DataTypeTok{uint8_t}\NormalTok{ dns_no = }\DecValTok{0}\NormalTok{);}
-
-\NormalTok{    ...}
-\NormalTok{\} WiFi;}
-
-\CommentTok{// Usage:}
-
-\NormalTok{Serial.println(WiFi.localIP().toString());}
-\end{Highlighting}
-\end{Shaded}
-
-\note{http://arduino-esp8266.readthedocs.io/en/latest/libraries.html}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\hypertarget{what-is-iot}{%
-\section{What is IoT}\label{what-is-iot}}
-
-\begin{frame}{What is IoT}
-\protect\hypertarget{what-is-iot-1}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Not “a computer connected to the internet”
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    Then it is really just another computer connected to the internet
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Must be something else
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    It is simply devices that are resource constrained
-
-    \begin{itemize}
-    \tightlist
-    \item
-      Usually in more than one way
-    \end{itemize}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Autonomous operation, the connection might not be permanent
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{IoT is just a concept}
-\protect\hypertarget{iot-is-just-a-concept}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \emph{The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical devices,
-  vehicles, home appliances and other items embedded with electronics,
-  software, sensors, actuators, and connectivity which enables these
-  objects to connect and exchange data.}\footnote<.->{Wikipedia
-    “Internet of Things”}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{What is an IoT Device?}
-\protect\hypertarget{what-is-an-iot-device}{}
-
-\note{As for their definition.
-
-What differentiates a computer from an IoT device?}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{What is an IoT Device?}
-\protect\hypertarget{what-is-an-iot-device-1}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Constrained in (one or more of):
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    Memory
-  \item
-    CPU
-  \item
-    Network bandwidth and/or latency
-  \item
-    Storage
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Has connectivity
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    Bluetooth
-  \item
-    Wi-Fi
-  \item
-    NB-IoT
-  \item
-    LTE Cat-M
-  \item
-    LoRA
-  \item
-    Proprietary radio
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{Might not have:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  RTC
-\end{itemize}
-
-Extra features:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  IR
-\item
-  UART
-\item
-  CAN
-\end{itemize}
-
-Sparkfun and Adafruit etc sell modules with all of these technologies.}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{IoT Devices - Bluetooth 4/5 chips}
-\protect\hypertarget{iot-devices---bluetooth-45-chips}{}
-
-\begin{longtable}[]{@{}llllll@{}}
-\toprule
-Chip & CPU & Freq & RAM & Flash & Price\tabularnewline
-\midrule
-\endhead
-nRF52810 & Cortex-M4 & 64 MHz & 24k & 192k & \$1.88\tabularnewline
-nRF52832 & Cortex-M4F & & 32k & 256k & \$2.54\tabularnewline
-& & & 64k & 512k & \$2.59\tabularnewline
-nRF52840 & Cortex-M4F & & 256k & 1024k & \$3.85\tabularnewline
-\bottomrule
-\end{longtable}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  nRF52810: High performance, entry-level Bluetooth 4/ANT/2.4GHz SoC
-\item
-  nRF52832: High performance Bluetooth 4/ANT/2.4GHz SoC
-\item
-  nRF52840: Advanced multi-protocol System-on-Chip Supporting: Bluetooth
-  5, ANT/ANT+, 802.15.4 and 2.4GHz proprietary
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{All quantities are 1000 pieces
-
-nRF51:
-https://www.digikey.no/products/en/rf-if-and-rfid/rf-transceiver-ics/879?k=nrf51822
-
-nRF52832: these have different packagings, not only difference price
-
-https://www.digikey.no/products/en/rf-if-and-rfid/rf-transceiver-ics/879?FV=1c0001\%2Cffe0036f\&quantity=3000\&ColumnSort=1000011\&page=1\&k=nrf52832\&pageSize=500\&pkeyword=nrf52810
-
-nRF52810: High performance, entry-level Bluetooth 4/ANT/2.4GHz SoC
-nRF52832: High performance Bluetooth 4/ANT/2.4GHz SoC nRF52840: Advanced
-multi-protocol System-on-Chip Supporting: Bluetooth 5, ANT/ANT+,
-802.15.4 and 2.4GHz proprietary}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{IoT Devices - LoRA}
-\protect\hypertarget{iot-devices---lora}{}
-
-\begin{block}{Modules}
-
-\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lll@{}}
-\toprule
-Module & Data Rate & Price\tabularnewline
-\midrule
-\endhead
-RN2483A-I/RM104 & & \$12.05 @ 250\tabularnewline
-CMWX1ZZABZ-078 & SX1276 & \$10.74 @ 1000\tabularnewline
-RF-LORA-868-SO & SX1272 & \$16.55 @ 1000\tabularnewline
-\bottomrule
-\end{longtable}
-
-\end{block}
-
-\begin{block}{Chips}
-
-\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
-\toprule
-Chip & Price\tabularnewline
-\midrule
-\endhead
-SX1281 & \$3.23\tabularnewline
-SX1272 & \$4.25\tabularnewline
-SX1276 & \$4.25\tabularnewline
-SX1279 & \$4.74\tabularnewline
-\bottomrule
-\end{longtable}
-
-\note{These modules require an external MCU, so does the chips.}
-
-\end{block}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{IoT Devices - NB-IoT}
-\protect\hypertarget{iot-devices---nb-iot}{}
-
-\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
-\toprule
-Module & Price\tabularnewline
-\midrule
-\endhead
-uBlox SARA-N210 & \textasciitilde{}\$10 @ 100\tabularnewline
-Sierra Wireless HL7800\_1103933 & \$15.72\tabularnewline
-\bottomrule
-\end{longtable}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{IoT Devices - Wi-Fi}
-\protect\hypertarget{iot-devices---wi-fi}{}
-
-\begin{longtable}[]{@{}llllll@{}}
-\toprule
-Chip & CPU & Freq & ROM & RAM & Price\tabularnewline
-\midrule
-\endhead
-ESP8266 & Tensilica L106 & 160 MHz & N/A & \textasciitilde{}50 kB &
-\textless{} \$1\tabularnewline
-\bottomrule
-\end{longtable}
-
-ESP32 - dual cpu, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4 ESP32-D0WDQ6 2x Xtensa @ 160MHz \$
-4.53 @ 10
-
-\note{The ESP8266’s RAM depends on which firmware stack is used.
-Physical is probably 128k or most likely 64k.}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{ESP8266 details - Power usage}
-\protect\hypertarget{esp8266-details---power-usage}{}
-
-\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lr@{}}
-\toprule
-\begin{minipage}[b]{0.35\columnwidth}\raggedright
-State\strut
-\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedleft
-Current usage\strut
-\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
-\midrule
-\endhead
-\begin{minipage}[t]{0.35\columnwidth}\raggedright
-Off\strut
-\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedleft
-0.5 µA\strut
-\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
-\begin{minipage}[t]{0.35\columnwidth}\raggedright
-Deep sleep with RTC\strut
-\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedleft
-20 µA\strut
-\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
-\begin{minipage}[t]{0.35\columnwidth}\raggedright
-Light sleep (with Wi-Fi)\strut
-\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedleft
-1 mA\strut
-\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
-\begin{minipage}[t]{0.35\columnwidth}\raggedright
-Sleep with peripherials\strut
-\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedleft
-15 mA\strut
-\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
-\begin{minipage}[t]{0.35\columnwidth}\raggedright
-TX\strut
-\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.22\columnwidth}\raggedleft
-170 mA\strut
-\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
-\bottomrule
-\end{longtable}
-
-\note{Datasheet page 18}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\hypertarget{going-back-to-basics}{%
-\section{Going back to basics}\label{going-back-to-basics}}
-
-\begin{frame}{What is the internet again?}
-\protect\hypertarget{what-is-the-internet-again}{}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{TCP/IP Layers}
-\protect\hypertarget{tcpip-layers}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tikzpicture}[
-mybox/.style={draw, rectangle, minimum width=4cm, minimum height=1 cm,font=\bfseries}
-]
-
-%\draw (0,0) rectangle (3cm, 1cm) {wat};
-
-\node at (0, -0) [mybox] {Application};
-\node at (0, -1) [mybox] {Transport};
-\node at (0, -2) [mybox] {Internet};
-\node at (0, -3)[mybox] {Network interface};
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Packet encapsulation}
-\protect\hypertarget{packet-encapsulation}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tikzpicture}[
-mybox/.style={
-    draw,
-    rectangle,
-    minimum height=1 cm,
-    anchor=west,
-    align=center,
-    font=\bfseries}
-]
-
-%\draw (0,0) rectangle (3cm, 1cm) {wat};
-
-\node at (0 cm, 0 cm) [mybox, minimum width=2cm, text width=1.7cm] {Frame header};
-\node at (2 cm, 0 cm) [mybox, minimum width=6cm] {Frame data};
-\node at (8 cm, 0 cm) [mybox, minimum width=2cm, text width=1.7cm] {Frame footer};
-
-\node at (2 cm, 1.1 cm) [mybox, minimum width=2cm] {IP header};
-\node at (4 cm, 1.1 cm) [mybox, minimum width=4cm] {IP Data};
-
-\node at (4 cm, 2.2 cm) [mybox, minimum width=2cm, text width=1.7 cm] {UDP header};
-\node at (6 cm, 2.2 cm) [mybox, minimum width=2cm, text width=1.7 cm] {UDP Data};
-
-\node at (6 cm, 3.3 cm) [mybox, minimum width=2cm, text width=1.7 cm] {Data};
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Network interface}
-\protect\hypertarget{network-interface}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Ethernet
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    10BASE5, 10BASE2, 10BASE-T / 100BASE-TX / 1000BASE-TX
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Wi-Fi
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    802.11a/b/g/n
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  RS-232
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{Ethernet: Hubs and switches (that act on this level) is not on
-it’s own layer. It is more of a implementation detail in the
-architecture diagram.
-
-RS-232 signaling is used in \emph{all} MCUs, many have several ports
-available. It is extremely flexible, both used for implementing
-applications and debugging. Frequently an easy way to hack embedded
-devices. “USB dongles”, “USB TTL” all use RS-232 signaling.
-
-Note that this only applies to its logical signals, not voltage levels.
-The signaling does not specify any max data rate, very high rates
-(\textgreater{}= 1Mbps) is often supported.}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Internet}
-\protect\hypertarget{internet}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  IP
-\item
-  ICMP
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Transport}
-\protect\hypertarget{transport}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  TCP
-\item
-  UDP
-\item
-  SCTP
-\item
-  QUIC
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Layer 7: Application Layer}
-\protect\hypertarget{layer-7-application-layer}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  HTTP
-\item
-  DNS
-\item
-  MQTT
-\item
-  CoAP
-\item
-  (everything else..)
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Details: IP Header}
-\protect\hypertarget{details-ip-header}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\scalebox{0.5}{
-\begin{tikzpicture}[
-every node/.style={font=\bfseries},
-basebox/.style={anchor=north west, minimum height=2em, draw, rectangle},
-bitbox/.style={basebox, minimum width=2em},
-bytebox/.style={basebox, minimum width=16em},
-wordbox/.style={basebox, minimum width=32em},
-qwordbox/.style={basebox, minimum width=64em},
-]
-
-\path
-(-9em, 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=5em] {Offsets}
-(-9em, 0em) node[basebox, minimum width=5em] {Octet}
-(-4em, 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=4em] {Octet}
-(-4em, 0em) node[basebox, minimum width=4em] {Bit}
-;
-
-\foreach \x in {0,...,3}
-    \node[bytebox] at (\x * 16em, 2em) {\scriptsize \x};
-\foreach \x in {0,...,31}
-    \node[bitbox] at (\x * 2em, 0em) {\scriptsize \x};
-
-\foreach \x in {0,32,...,160}
-    \node[basebox, minimum width=4em] at (-4em, \x * -1/16*1em - 2em) {\scriptsize \x};
-
-\foreach \x in {0,4,...,20}
-    \node[basebox, minimum width=5em] at (-9em, \x * -0.5em - 2em) {\scriptsize \x};
-
-\path
-(0em, -1 * 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=8em] {Version}
-(8em, -1 * 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=8em] {IHL}
-(16em, -1 * 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=16em] {TOS}
-(32em, -1 * 2em) node[wordbox] {Packet length}
-
-(0em, -2 * 2em) node[wordbox] {Identification}
-(32em, -2 * 2em) node[bitbox] {X}
-(34em, -2 * 2em) node[bitbox] {D}
-(36em, -2 * 2em) node[bitbox] {M}
-(38em, -2 * 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=26em] {Fragement offset}
-
-(0em, -3 * 2em) node[bytebox] {TTL}
-(16em, -3 * 2em) node[bytebox] {Protocol}
-(32em, -3 * 2em) node[wordbox] {Header checksum}
-
-(0em, -4 * 2em) node[qwordbox] {Source ip address}
-(0em, -5 * 2em) node[qwordbox] {Destination ip address}
-(0em, -6 * 2em) node[qwordbox] {Options (variable length)}
-
-%(0em, -7 * 2em) node[qwordbox, minimum height=4 em] {Payload}
-;
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Details: UDP Header}
-\protect\hypertarget{details-udp-header}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\scalebox{0.5}{
-\begin{tikzpicture}[
-every node/.style={font=\bfseries},
-basebox/.style={anchor=west, minimum height=2em, draw, rectangle},
-bitbox/.style={basebox, minimum width=2em},
-bytebox/.style={basebox, minimum width=16em},
-wordbox/.style={basebox, minimum width=32em},
-qwordbox/.style={basebox, minimum width=64em},
-]
-
-\path
-(-9em, 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=5em] {Offsets}
-(-9em, 0em) node[basebox, minimum width=5em] {Octet}
-(-4em, 2em) node[basebox, minimum width=4em] {Octet}
-(-4em, 0em) node[basebox, minimum width=4em] {Bit}
-;
-
-\foreach \x in {0,...,3}
-    \node[bytebox] at (\x * 16em, 2em) {\scriptsize \x};
-\foreach \x in {0,...,31}
-    \node[bitbox] at (\x * 2em, 0em) {\scriptsize \x};
-
-\node[basebox, minimum width=4em] at (-4em, -2em) {\scriptsize 0};
-\node[basebox, minimum width=4em] at (-4em, -4em) {\scriptsize 32};
-
-\node[basebox, minimum width=5em] at (-9em, -2em) {\scriptsize 0};
-\node[basebox, minimum width=5em] at (-9em, -4em) {\scriptsize 4};
-
-\path
-( 0 * 2em, -1 * 2em) node[wordbox] {source port}
-(16 * 2em, -1 * 2em) node[wordbox] {destination port}
-( 0 * 2em, -2 * 2em) node[wordbox] {length}
-(16 * 2em, -2 * 2em) node[wordbox] {checksum}
-;
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\hypertarget{lecture-mqtt}{%
-\section{Lecture: MQTT}\label{lecture-mqtt}}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \emph{Message Queuing Telemetry Transport}
-\item
-  \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQTT}{Wikipedia: MQTT}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{MQTT is \emph{the} standard for IoT applications (and lots of
-other useful stuff to). Using HTTP is just silly.
-
-Supports SSL, and requires TCP.
-
-Has UDP-like semantics with “fire and forget” but on a higher level (the
-message always have to be delivered and ACKed by the broker, not it’s
-final recipient.
-
-Version 3.1.1 er den som gjelder, V 3.1 er rar, de andre finnes ikke
-(før standardisering).}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{Device and application architecture with MQTT}
-\protect\hypertarget{device-and-application-architecture-with-mqtt}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tikzpicture}
-
-\path
-    (-3 cm, 0) node (c1_label) {Device \#1}
-    ( 0 cm, 0) node (c2_label) {Device \#2}
-    ( 3 cm, 0) node (c3_label) {Device \#3}
-
-    (0, -3 cm) node (broker_label) {Broker}
-    (0, -6 cm) node (central_label) {Central}
-;
-
-\node (c1)[draw, circle, fit=(c1_label)] {};
-\node (c2)[draw, circle, fit=(c2_label)] {};
-\node (c3)[draw, circle, fit=(c3_label)] {};
-\node (broker)[draw, rectangle, thick, inner ysep=5 mm, inner xsep=10 mm, fit=(broker_label)] {};
-\node (central) at (central_label) [draw, circle, text width=2 cm] {};
-
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c1) to [bend right] (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c2) -- (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c3) to [bend left] (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (central) -- (broker);
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT - Implementations}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt---implementations}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Mosquitto
-\item
-  Eclipse Paho
-\item
-  RabbitMQ
-\item
-  ActiveMQ
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{RabbitMQ has a separate connector that must be installed Not sure
-about ActiveMQ but it is at least a part of the project so it is
-releases at the same time.}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT Cloud Connectors}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-cloud-connectors}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Cloud
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    Amazon IoT
-  \item
-    Google Cloud IoT
-  \item
-    Microsoft Azure IoT
-  \item
-    CloudMQTT (at Heroku)
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  DIY
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    ThingMQ
-  \item
-    HiveMQ
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{In between are:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  self hosted
-\item
-  Generic bridges
-\end{itemize}}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT - The protocol}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt---the-protocol}{}
-
-Agents have one of two roles:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \emph{Client}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    Publishes \emph{messages}
-  \item
-    Subscribes / unsubscribes to \emph{topics}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  \emph{Broker} (aka Server)
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    Handles network connections
-  \item
-    Keeps subscriptions
-  \item
-    Manages client
-
-    \begin{itemize}
-    \tightlist
-    \item
-      Disconnects
-    \item
-      \emph{(last) will}
-    \end{itemize}
-  \item
-    Persistence of retained messages
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{network connections: this includes removing closed sockets,
-client’s that doesn’t respons to timeouts and duplicate clients.
-
-http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/mqtt-v3.1.1.html
-
-Subscriptions are not permanent. The connection is (unlike HTTP)
-stateful.
-
-Some messages may be persistent, but only one per topic. You will often
-end up with a “proper” mq on the backend if queuing is needed.
-
-Push vs pull, central applications can push to clients}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT - The protocol - MQTT Packet}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt---the-protocol---mqtt-packet}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Size oriented
-\item
-  Flags indicate type of remaining bytes
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    Packet type
-  \item
-    Topic name
-  \item
-    Payload
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{Only packet type + flags (1 byte) is required, everything else is
-optional.
-
-The size field is variable length encoded, 0-127 bytes is 1 byte,
-128-16383 use 2 bytes etc, up to 4 bytes for 256MB payload.}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT Connect}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-connect}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \texttt{CONNECT}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{clientId}
-  \item
-    \texttt{username}
-  \item
-    \texttt{password}
-  \item
-    \texttt{keepAlive}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Keep alive
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{PINGREQ}
-  \item
-    \texttt{PINGRESP}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT - The protocol - MQTT Topic}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt---the-protocol---mqtt-topic}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Topic name: \texttt{foo/bar/baz}
-\item
-  Topic filter
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{foo/bar/?}
-  \item
-    \texttt{foo/\#}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT - The protocol - Retained message}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt---the-protocol---retained-message}{}
-
-Message is kept by the server even after disconnect
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \texttt{CONNECT}
-\item
-  \texttt{PUBLISH}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{RETAIN}
-  \item
-    \texttt{\$app/\$device/temperature}
-  \item
-    \texttt{22.3}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  \texttt{DISCONNECT}
-\end{itemize}
-
-Later on:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \texttt{SUBSCRIBE}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{\$app/\#/temperature}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  \texttt{PUBLISH}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{\$app/\$device/temperature}
-  \item
-    \texttt{22.3}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{The last PUBLISH is an incoming message}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT - The protocol - Will message}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt---the-protocol---will-message}{}
-
-Message sent when you disconnect
-
-Client \#1:
-
-\begin{enumerate}
-[1.]
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \texttt{CONNECT}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{WILL\ TOPIC:\ \$app/\$device/online}
-  \item
-    \texttt{WILL\ PAYLOAD:\ 0}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  \texttt{PUBLISH}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{\$app/\$device/online}
-  \item
-    \texttt{1}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  \texttt{DISCONNECT}
-\end{enumerate}
-
-Broker
-
-\begin{enumerate}
-[1.]
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \emph{To all subscribers} \texttt{PUBLISH}
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{\$app/\$device/online}
-  \item
-    \texttt{0}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{enumerate}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT Topic}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-topic}{}
-
-The temperature sensor:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Publishes on:
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\$device-id/temperature}
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\$device-id/humidity}
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\$device-id/altert}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Subscribes to:
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\$device-id/command}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-The central application:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Subscribes to:
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\#/temperature}
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\#/humidity}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Publishes on:
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\$device-id/command}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{Typical first round of implementation.
-
-Commands can be: * load new firmware (maybe an URL and firmware
-signature). * Set new calibration values * Change reading interval,
-altert levels (autonomous operation)}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT on Arduino}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-on-arduino}{}
-
-PubSubClient is our MQTT client implementation.
-
-\begin{Shaded}
-\begin{Highlighting}[]
-\NormalTok{WiFiClient wifiClient;}
-\NormalTok{PubSubClient mqtt(wifiClient);}
-
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ callback(}\DataTypeTok{char}\NormalTok{* topic,}
-\NormalTok{              byte* payload,}
-              \DataTypeTok{unsigned} \DataTypeTok{int}\NormalTok{ length);}
-
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ setup() \{}
-    \CommentTok{// Configure WiFi}
-\NormalTok{    mqtt.setServer(mqtt_server, }\DecValTok{1883}\NormalTok{);}
-\NormalTok{    mqtt.setCallback(callback);}
-\NormalTok{\}}
-\end{Highlighting}
-\end{Shaded}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT on Arduino}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-on-arduino-1}{}
-
-\begin{Shaded}
-\begin{Highlighting}[]
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ loop() \{}
-    \ControlFlowTok{if}\NormalTok{ (!mqtt.connected())}
-\NormalTok{        reconnect();}
-    \ControlFlowTok{else}
-\NormalTok{        mqtt.loop();}
-    \CommentTok{// Do work}
-\NormalTok{\}}
-
-\DataTypeTok{void}\NormalTok{ reconnect() \{}
-    \ControlFlowTok{while}\NormalTok{ (!mqtt.}\FunctionTok{connect}\NormalTok{(client_id));}
-
-\NormalTok{    mqtt.subscribe(topic_pattern);}
-\NormalTok{\}}
-\end{Highlighting}
-\end{Shaded}
-
-\note{This is blocking!}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{Assignment}
-\protect\hypertarget{assignment}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \texttt{mqtt}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{MQTT topic architecture}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-topic-architecture}{}
-
-The central application is split:
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  An aggregating agent:
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\#/temperature}
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\#/humidity}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Emailing agent
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\$device-id/altert}
-  \end{itemize}
-\item
-  Publishes on:
-
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \tightlist
-  \item
-    \texttt{myapp/\$device-id/command}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT topic architecture}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-topic-architecture-1}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tikzpicture}
-
-\path
-    (-3 cm, 0) node (c1_label) {Device \#1}
-    ( 0 cm, 0) node (c2_label) {Device \#2}
-    ( 3 cm, 0) node (c3_label) {Device \#3}
-
-    (0, -3 cm) node (broker_label) {Broker}
-    (0, -6 cm) node (central_label) {Central}
-;
-
-\node (c1)[draw, circle, fit=(c1_label)] {};
-\node (c2)[draw, circle, fit=(c2_label)] {};
-\node (c3)[draw, circle, fit=(c3_label)] {};
-\node (broker)[draw, rectangle, thick, inner ysep=5 mm, inner xsep=10 mm, fit=(broker_label)] {};
-\node (central) at (central_label) [draw, circle, text width=2 cm] {};
-
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c1) to [bend right] (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c2) -- (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c3) to [bend left] (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (central) -- (broker);
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT topic architecture}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt-topic-architecture-2}{}
-
-\begin{center}
-\begin{tikzpicture}
-
-\path
-    (-3 cm, 0) node (c1_label) {Device \#1}
-    ( 0 cm, 0) node (c2_label) {Device \#2}
-    ( 3 cm, 0) node (c3_label) {Device \#3}
-
-    (0, -3 cm) node (broker_label) {Broker}
-
-    (-2 cm, -6 cm) node (agg_label) {Aggregator}
-    ( 2 cm, -6 cm) node (email_label) {Email}
-;
-
-\node (c1)[draw, circle, fit=(c1_label)] {};
-\node (c2)[draw, circle, fit=(c2_label)] {};
-\node (c3)[draw, circle, fit=(c3_label)] {};
-\node (broker)[draw, rectangle, thick, inner ysep=5 mm, inner xsep=10 mm, fit=(broker_label)] {};
-\node (agg) at (agg_label) [draw, circle, text width=2 cm] {};
-\node (email) at (email_label) [draw, circle, text width=2 cm] {};
-
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c1) to [bend right] (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c2) -- (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (c3) to [bend left] (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (agg) -- (broker);
-\draw[{Latex[length=4mm, round]}-{Latex[length=4mm, round]}] (email) -- (broker);
-
-\end{tikzpicture}
-
-\end{center}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}{MQTT - Patterns}
-\protect\hypertarget{mqtt---patterns}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  Combining MQTT and HTTP
-\item
-  Using web sockets transport
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{Assignment}
-\protect\hypertarget{assignment-1}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \texttt{mqtt2}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}[fragile]{Assignment}
-\protect\hypertarget{assignment-2}{}
-
-\begin{itemize}
-\tightlist
-\item
-  \texttt{mqtt3}
-\end{itemize}
-
-\note{discussion: how to connect these two devices?}
-
-\end{frame}
-- 
cgit v1.2.3

